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Many people feel that unless they have an oversized yard, they cannot grow fruit trees. While this is a common misconception, it is one that is false. The development of dwarf fruit trees has made it possible for nearly anyone to grow their own fruit. These trees, although small in stature, put forth fruit that is the same size as that on a full sized tree. Not only are these plants compact enough to grow on a patio, but the fact that they are in containers means that you can grow plants that are outside of their zone. A fig tree for example is usually hardy only in the deep south, however you can grow it throughout the middle of the United States and even further north, as long as you have a protected garage or other enclosed room where you can keep it in the winter.
The first step in planting your dwarf fruit trees is to choose what variety you would like to plant. By reading the grow tags on the various plants you can narrow down your search. This will help you decide what will fit best with your needs. One thing to bear in mind is that unless the tree specifically states that it is self-pollinated, you will need to get two trees of different varieties in order to produce fruit. This is not much of a limitation, as the trees do not take up much room, and you can choose fruit that compliments each other. For example, you could plant a Macintosh apple tree and a Golden Delicious apple tree. The Golden Delicious apples are perfect for eating fresh; while the Macintosh apples are excellent to bake with, as well as for home made applesauce.
Once you have decided on your tree, or trees, you are ready to begin planting. You will need a large planter, a half-barrel or other large container with drainage holes in the bottom. Cover the bottom of the container with several inch of gravel to insure good drainage. You will then want to fill the pot three quarters of the way full with good potting soil. Mix in several large handfuls of compost, either from your own compost pile or purchased from a garden supply store. Now you are ready to plant your tree. Carefully place it into the planter, separating the roots gently. This will encourage them to grow out, into the soil. Add more potting soil as needed, until the tree is planted securely in the planter. After you water the tree, you may find it necessary to add additional soil to the planter. If you are particularly creative, you may like to plant some flowers around the edge of the planter to fill it out, and give it a more ornamental look.
Your tree will need at least one inch of water a week to thrive. If your area does not receive this amount, or if the tree is in a sheltered area, you will need to be diligent about watering. You should also plan to fertilize your tree every six weeks from early spring through the late summer. If insects become a problem with your tree, apply a fruit and tree spray, which is available at any home and garden store. If you follow these tips, your tree should thrive and you should expect to harvest fruit the second or third year.
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